The landlocked Republic of Chad is a former French colony made up of 23 regions. It's located in Central Africa. Sudan shares borders with Central African Republic, Cameroon, Nigeria, Niger, and Libya. The main provinces are Ville de N'Djamena, Logone-Oriental, and Mayo-Kebbi Est. Chad is Africa's fifth largest country, with a surface area of 1.2 million square kilometers. Its landscape is characterized by plains in the middle, deserts in the north, and mountains in the northwest. The southern climate is tropical, whereas the northern climate is desert. The total population is roughly 15.4 million. N'Djamena, the country's capital and most populated city, has 1.3 million residents. Moundou and Abéché are the county's other main cities. N'Djamena International Airport (NDJ) is the largest and only international airport. It connects the city to a variety of African places as well as France. Its culture is mostly influenced by French history and tribal traditions. More than 50% of the population is Muslim. Other major religions are Roman Catholicism and Protestantism. The official languages are French and Arabic, but tribal dialects and languages are remain prevalent. The legal system is a combination of civil and customary law. The government is a presidential republic, with President Mahamat Déby serving as the elected head of state and government.
The official currency of the country is the Central African CFA franc (XAF), with the current exchange rate of XAF 594 to the USD. The country has an open economy, with a GDP of about $13.5 billion, ranking it as Africa's 29th largest. Its per capita income is $755. The GDP is largely made up of two key sectors: services and agriculture. Crude petroleum (40%) is its primary export and economic contributor, followed by gold, cotton, and construction materials. Chad is an emerging tourism destination with limited tourist attractions and locations.It is noted for its diverse wildlife, safari tours, and national parks. Trekking safaris and hunting are popular outdoor activities. The capital, N'Djamena, as well as Zakouma National Park, Am Timan, the Tibesti Mountains, and Aouk National Park, are popular tourist sites. Tourism is still in its early phases and not widely distributed. The majority of the 87,000 annual tourism visitors come from neighboring African countries and France.
